Description

This module examines cultural policy in Europe by laying specific emphasis on the ways in which it has been redefined since the early 1980s. We will explore shifts in terms of policy objectives assigned to culture away from the traditional emphasis on civic education or support for high art.

After defining the type of public action that can be referred to as “cultural policy” and identifying the various actors involved (at EU level, national level but also regional and urban level), the course will focus on a number of case studies in order to analyse how cultural policy intersects with other

policy areas (economic policy, city marketing, urban planning, social cohesion, etc.). Our main case study will be Glasgow, which was nominated European City of Culture in 1990 and European City of Architecture and Design in 1999. Glasgow indeed placed cultural policy at the very heart of a strategy aimed at transforming a city marked by unemployment and depression into a revitalised post-industrial city. Many other cities in Europe (Liverpool, Marseille or Bilbao for example) have built a strategy based on the impact of cultural policy on the economy, social cohesion and/or city marketing. In other cases, cultural policy is used as a way of achieving social cohesion, by alleviating social divisions, by bringing together estranged areas within a city or by reconciling divided communities.

Various European cities will be studied in class discussions, like Barcelona, Cork, Ferrara, etc., so as to provide a comparative and critical perspective on the uses of cultural policy in Europe and the effects of such policies on the areas concerned.

This module will be based on lectures and seminars. Most two-hour classes will be divided into one hour of lecture and one hour of seminar discussions based on students’ presentations and readings. This module therefore requires regular attendance, weekly readings and active oral participation in class.

Bibliographie

Ahponen, Pirkkoliisa and Kangas, Anita (eds.). Construction of Cultural Policy. Jyväskylä: Minerva, 2004 
Bell, David and Oakley, Kate. Cultural Policy. London: Routledge, 2015. [not in Strasbourg]
Bennett, Tony. Differing Diversities: Transversal Study on the Theme of Cultural Policy and Cultural Diversity. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing, 2001. 
Bergsgard, Nils Asle and Vassenden, Anders. “The legacy of Stavanger as Capital of Culture in Europe 2008: watershed or puff of wind?” International Journal of Cultural Policy, 2011, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 301-320.
Bianchini, Franco and Parkinson, M. Cultural Policy and Urban Regeneration: The West European Experience. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1993. 
Bianchini, Franco and Albano, Roberto. “The Regenerative Impacts of European City/Capital of Culture Events”. In Michael E. Leary and John McCarthy (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Urban Regeneration. New York: Routledge, 2013, pp. 515-525. 
Connolly, Mark Gerard. “The ‘Liverpool model(s)’: cultural planning, Liverpool and Capital of Culture 2008.” International Journal of Cultural Policy, vol. 19, no. 2, March 2013, p. 162-180
Crane, Diana, Nobuko Kawashima, and Ken'ichi Kawasaki. Global Culture: Media, Arts, Policy, and Globalization. New York : Routledge, 2002.
D'Angelo, Mario and Vespérini, Paul. Politiques culturelles en Europe : une approche comparative. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing, 1998. 
Doak, Peter. “Beyond Derry or Londonderry: Towards a framework for understanding the emerging spatial contradictions of Derry–Londonderry—UK City of Culture 2013.” City, vol. 18, no. 4/5, Aug-Oct. 2014, p. 488-96.
Donnison, David and Middleton, Alan. Regenerating the inner city: Glasgow's experience. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1987. 
Dubois, Vincent. “Cultural Policy Regimes in Western Europe.” International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (2^nd ed.), 2015, pp. 460-5.
Garcia, Beatriz. “Cultural Policy and Urban Regeneration in Western European Cities: Lessons from Experience, Prospects for the Future.” Local Economy, vol. 19, no. 4, Nov. 2004, p. 312-326.
Garcia, Beatriz. “Deconstructing the City of Culture: The Long-term Cultural Legacies of Glasgow 1990”. Urban Studies, vol. 42, no. 5-6, May 2005, pp.841-868.
Gibson, Lisanne and Stevenson Deborah (eds.). Urban Spaces and the Uses of Culture. Special issue of the International Journal of Cultural Policy, vol. 10, no.1, 2004.
Giovanangeli, Angela. “Marseille, European Capital of Culture 2013 Ins and Offs: A case for rethinking the effects of large-scale cultural initiatives.” French Cultural Studies, vol 26, no. 3, 2015, pp. 302-16.
Gomez, M. “Reflective  images:  the  case  of  urban  regeneration  in  Glasgow  and  Bilbao”. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, vol. 22, no.1, 1998, pp. 106-121.
Grodach, Carl and Silver, Daniel (eds). The Politics of Urban Cultural Policy: Global Perspectives. Abingdon, New York: Routledge, 2013.
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Gunay, Zeynep. “Conservation versus Regeneration?: Case of European Capital of Culture 2010 Istanbul.” European Planning Studies, vol. 18, no. 8, Aug. 2010,  p. 1173-86.
Immler, Nicole L. “(Re)Programming Europe: European Capitals of Culture: rethinking the role of culture”. Journal of European Studies, vol. 44 no. 1, March 2014, pp. 3-29.
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Lähdesmäki, Tuuli. “Cultural activism as a counter-discourse to the European Capital of Culture programme: The case of Turku 2011.” European Journal of Cultural Studies, vol. 16, no. 5,Oct. 2013, p. 598-619.
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Littoz-Monnet, Annabelle. The European Union and Culture: Between Economic Regulation and European Cultural Policy. Manchester, New York: Manchester University Press, 2007. 
Liu, Yi-De. “Cultural Events and Cultural Tourism Development: Lessons from the European Capitals of Culture.” European Planning Studies, vol. 22, no. 3, March 2014, pp. 498-514. 
Liu, Yi-De. “Cultural Event and Urban Regeneration: Lessons from Liverpool 2008 European Capital of Culture.” European Review, vol. 24, no. 1, 2016, pp. 159-176.
Mairesse, François and Rochelandet, Fabrice. Économie des arts et de la culture. Paris : A. Colin, 2015. 
McGuigan, Jim. Rethinking Cultural Policy. Maidenhead: Open University Press, 2004. 
McManus, Carla and Carruthers, Clare. “Cultural quarters and urban regeneration – the case of Cathedral Quarter Belfast.” International Journal of Cultural Policy, vol. 20,no. 1, Jan. 2014, p. 78-98.
Mooney, Gerry. “Cultural Policy as Urban Transformation? Critical Reflections on Glasgow, European City of Culture 1990”.Local Economy, no. 19, Nov. 2004, pp. 327-40.
Moulinier, Pierre. Les politiques publiques de la culture en France (3rd ed.). Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 2005. 
O’Callaghan, Cian. “Urban anxieties and creative tensions in the European Capital of Culture 2005: ‘It couldn’t just be about Cork, like’”. International Journal of Cultural Policy, vol. 18, no. 2, March 2012, p. 185-204.
Ooi, Can-Seng, Håkanson, Lars and LaCava, Laura. “Poetics and Politics of the European Capital of Culture Project”. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, no. 148, 2014, pp.420-7.
Rius Ulldemolins, Joaquim. “Culture and authenticity in urban regeneration processes: Place branding in central Barcelona.” Urban Studies, vol. 51,no. 14, Nov. 2014, p. 3026-45. 
Schwab, Brigitte. “The Rise of Urban Symbols through Cultural Policies. Three Flagship Cultural Projects between Internationalisation Strategies and Local Resistance”. In Franck Eckardt and Dieter Hassenpflug (eds.), City images and urban regeneration. Frankfurt-am-Main; New York: Peter Lange, 2004. 
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